“Castell.” The meaning of the word probably still lives in the Arabic, The Arabic word means to spit out with contempt and the various forms of the nouns derived from the verb are applied to anything detested, or detestable to the parings of the nails to an abandoned woman to a dog, etc. The word used here is derived, probably, from the obsolete verb תיף typ - “to spit out ” and then to spit out with contempt. It is never used in the Scriptures in the sense of a “ tabret,” that is a tabor or small drum though the word תף toph is thus used see the notes at Isaiah 5:12. But there is no evidence or probability that the word was so used in the time of Job. The true meaning is,” I am become their “abhorrence,” or am to them an object of contempt.” Vulgate, “I am an exampie (“ exemplum ”) to them.” Septuagint, “I am become a laughter ( γέλως gelōs ) to them.” The Chaldee renders it, “Thou hast placed me for a proverb to the people, and I shall be Gehenna ( גיהנם gayhı̂nnôm ) to them.” The Hebrew word תפת tôpheth - or “Tophet,” is the name which is often given in the Scriptures to the valley of Hinnom - the place where children were sacrificed to Moloch see the notes at Matthew 5:22. I was as a tabret - This is an unhappy translation. lie has exposed me to derision.Īnd aforetime - Margin “before them.” The margin is the correct translation of the Hebrew, פנים pânı̂ym It means, in their presence, or in their view. He hath also - That is, God has done this.Īlso a by-word - A proverb ( משׁל mâshâl ) a term of reproach, ridicule, or scorn.
The name of Job is to this day a byword or proverb among men, both for his poverty and his patience if a man is described as very poor, he is said to be as poor as Job or if very patient under his afflictions, he is said to be as patient as Job but as neither of these are to the disgrace of Job, something else seems rather intended here, even something to his reproach as when a man was represented as a very wicked man, or an hypocrite, it used to be said, such an one is as wicked a creature, and as arrant an hypocrite, as Job:Īnd aforetime I was as a tabret the delight of the people, who, when he appeared in the public streets, came out and went before him, singing, and dancing, and beating on tabrets, and such like musical instruments, to express their joy upon the sight of him but now it was otherwise with him, and he whom they could not sufficiently extol and commend, now knew not well what to say bad enough of him such a change in the sentiments and conduct of men must needs be very chagrining: or "aforetime I was as a lord", as Ben Gersom, from the use of the word in Daniel 3:2 as he supposes he was like a lord or nobleman, or as one in some high office, and now as the offscouring of all things or it denotes what he was "before them", the people, in their sight at present, and should be: the word used is "Tophet", which Aben Ezra takes to be the name of a place, and as it seems of that place where children were offered to Moloch, and which place was in being, and such practices used by the Canaanites in the times of Job and this place, which was also called the valley of Hinnom, being afterwards used for hell, led the Targum to paraphrase the words thus, "and hell from within shall I be" and so Sephorno, in appearance hell to all that see me and in general it may signify that he was, or should be, avoided, as any unclean place, very ungrateful and disagreeable, as that place was or as anything abominable, and to be loathed and rejected, and this way go several interpreters though some think respect is had to the punishment of tympanization, in which sufferers were beaten upon in several parts of their bodies, as if men were beating upon a tabret or drum, which gave great pain and torment, see Hebrews 11:35 and with such like cruelty and indignity Job suggests he was or should be used and therefore begs for a surety, for one to interpose and plead on his behalf let the carriage of men to him be what it will, that is here referred to compare with this Psalm 69:11.
Either Eliphaz, or God for whatsoever befell him, whether more immediately by the hand of God, or by any instrument, the ascribes it to him, as being suffered in Providence to befall him as when he became a byword or proverb to the people in common, to whom an example might be set by one or more of Job's friends. He hath made me also a byword of the people.
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